प्रधान मंत्री मुद्रा योजना (लोन) -Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana in Hindi
प्रधानमंत्री नरेन्द्र मोदी ने देश की अर्थ व्यवस्था को सशक्त बनाने के लिए कई तरह के नये कदम उठाये हैं जिनमें से एक हैं मुद्रा योजना. इस योजना का पूरा नाम माइक्रो यूनिट्स डेवलपमेंट एंड रिफाइनेंस एजेंसी हैं. इस नाम से ही मुद्रा योजना का उद्देश्य स्पष्ट हैं सही शब्दों में मुद्रा योजना छोटे उद्योगों को सशक्त बनाकर देश की अर्थव्यवस्था को दुरुस्त करने की योजना हैं.
- मुद्रा योजना उद्देश्य :
इस योजना के तहत छोटे उद्योगों को लोन उपलब्ध कराया जायेगा जिससे आसानी से इन उद्योगों की शुरुवात हो सके और देश में रोजगार के अवसर बढ़े.
मुद्रा लोन की तीन महत्वपूर्ण स्टेज हैं :
- शिशु : शिशु लोन के अंतर्गत 50 हजार तक का लोन दिया जायेगा .
- किशोर : किशोर योजना के तहत 50 हजार से 5 लाख तक के लोन का प्रावधान हैं.
- तरुण : तरुण लोन के अंतर्गत 5 लाख से 10 लाख तक का लोन देने का नियम हैं.
- मुद्रा लोन पात्रता :
इस योजना के लाभ भारत का कोई भी नागरिक ले सकता हैं. देश का कोई भी व्यक्ति जिसका स्वयं का अथवा किसी के साथ साझे का व्यापार हो वो अपने दस्तावेज़ के जरिये मुद्रा लोन का लाभ उठा सकता हैं.
- महत्वपूर्ण दस्तावेज़ :
मुद्रा योजना के तहत लोन प्राप्त करना एक आसान प्रक्रिया हैं लेकिन उसके लिए निम्न दस्तावेजों का होना अनिवार्य हैं :
- स्व सत्यापित प्रमाणपत्र एवं दो फोटोग्राफ
- जाति प्रमाणपत्र (ST/ SC)
- उद्योग से संबंधित दस्तावेज़, लाइसेंस एवं सर्टिफिकेट
- उद्योग संबंधी सभी जानकारी
मुद्रा लोन के लिए देश में मुद्रा बैंक को लांच किया गया हैं जिसके साथ मुद्रा कार्ड की भी व्यवस्था शुरू की गई हैं. देश की सबसे बड़ी बैंक SBI बैंक द्वारा मुद्रा योजना के तहत मुद्रा लोन दिया जा रहा हैं.
- मुद्रा योजना लाभ :
मुद्रा योजना के तहत छोटे उद्योगों को शुरू करने के लिए लोन दिया जा रहा हैं ताकि लोन ना मिलने के कारण उद्योगों में काम बंद ना हो. अगर छोटे उद्योग बढ़ेंगे तो देश में रोजगार एवम देश की अर्थव्यवस्था अच्छी होगी .
Things to know about Pradhan Mantri Mudra Loan Yojana in English
The Mudra Yojana has been launched by the present government for developing and refinancing the activities that are related to the micro units. The purpose of Mudra is to fund the small and micro business units. The small business of this country is faced by a lot of hardships due to lack of funds. The process for application is:
- Once a beneficiary sorts out an idea and comes up with business plan; he/she needs to select a certain business category under which he/she shall get the loan. Then beneficiary needs to contact with the nearest financial institution that may be public or the private sector banks that are authorized to offer this loan.
- The first step is filling up the application form and after that you need to show a photo identity proof. This can be any direct identity proof that is provided by the government of India. Without an identity proof, the loans shall not be granted. Also a proof of residence, proof of category, recent photograph, and quotation of machines and name of supplier needs to be given during the time of application.
Eligibility for Mudra Loan:
- The primary eligibility criterion of this loan is you need to be a small business organization owner or a small or micro business owner. If it is not a small business organization, then, the loan shall not be granted. The amount of rupees is 10 lakh and for those who are in requirement of credit needs below 10 lakh, it will be applicable for them only.
Benefits of MUDRA Loan
- To offer maximum benefits for the micro business organizations and set up a good process for the last mile credit agent scheme that entirely for the small business set ups.
- It also offers credit guarantee for the one who has taken up a loan. This means that the person is not going into debts. The government is also going to bear the responsibility of the loan.
- There are agents who are hired under committee who are going to guide on how you are going to organize and process a business plan so that there are minimum risks for getting a negative result.
- All small business and unit sectors are placed within surveillance and regular evaluation shall be based on their performance.
Disadvantages of Mudra Loan
- There are high possibilities that conflict might take place due to the type of responsibilities and roles offered by Mudra bank. RBI also has the right to offer loans to small and micro business organizations. Now, if both the institutions lend money to the small and micro organizations then the interest rate might clash.
- Mudra promotes shadow banking. Primary responsibility of Mudra bank is to regulate MFIs but RBI also regulates the MFIs. Thus there are two bodies now regulating the micro industry. This might create problems for MFIs.
A tabular overview of Mudra Yojana/Loan
| SL NO | Factors to know | Brief details |
| 1. | Eligibility | For those who credit needs are less than 10 lakh rupees. Credit needs for above 10 lakh shall not be met. |
| 2. | Advantages | Offer maximum benefits for micro organizations
Credit guarantee for lender Small unit business sectors are offered with surveillance and regulation depending on the performance of the organizations Agents are hired within the committee for guiding the lenders on how to process a business plan so that minimum risks are involved. |
| 3. | Disadvantages | Possibilities of conflict of interest because of the roles and responsibilities offered in Mudra bank.
There are two bodies now that are regulating the MFIs. Thus it might create problems for the MFIs and also for the lenders. Mudra bank also promotes shadow banking. |
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